Powell & Lealand, 170 Euston Road, Londonand also dated
1874
INTRODUCTION | DESCRIPTION | ACCESSORIES | HISTORY |
Please Click On Any Picture for a Larger Version
Aristocratof the Victorian period of
brass and glass.Even without the accessories, the P & L No.1 was so expensive, that only the wealthy could afford to buy one on their own. Although this example lacks many accessories and its case, there is a description of a binocular example, complete with case and accessories also on this site.
Powell & Lealand, 170, Euston Road, London, and dated just behind the fine adjustment screw,
1874
POWELL & LEALANDand with the number 5. This likely indicates it is a 5X eyepiece.
Powell & Lealand, with the exception of the one inch. The water immersion 1/4, the 1/12 apochromatic oil immersion, and the 1/50 all have their purported n.a. inscribed on them. Only the 1/50 has its focal length inscribed on the objective. The 1/50 has delamination of the rear elements. The 1/12 inch has delamination only at the edges of the rear elements. There is a P & L Lieberkuhn for the 1/4 inch P & L dry objective. The images taken through the objectives were taken on the P & L microscope using an adapter accepting the Omax 5MP microscope camera fitted to the top of the optical tube.
empty magnification
No 1and its n.a. of 1.38. The original can is also signed
Powell & Lealand, 1/50, Oil Immersion, N.A. 1.38, London. Unlike the other objectives, the signature on this objective is in block letters rather than script. According to Seville Bradbury this objective was first made in 1880. In the 1893 catalog, the 1/50th oil immersion achromat was priced at £80; in 2022 this would be over £11,426 or around $12,797 US. Its very short focal length would make using it very difficult. This example has severe delamination of its rear elements, making it unusable in any case.
P|N, indicating its primary axis, and each is further labeled with its waveplate retardation:
1/4,
3/4or
9/4wavelengths, respectively. Each selenite may be rotated individually via a knurled edge on each of the three housings. The selenite housing is threaded on top to accept the Powell & Lealand the Apochromatic High Power Condenser optics or the Powell & Lealand achromatic Condenser Optics.
NEW. In both the 1893 and 1895 catalogs, the N.A. of the 1/50 is listed as 1.33, slightly lower than the 1.38 listed on the 1/50 oil objective seen on this page, and serial numbered 1. According to Seville Bradbury, the oil immersion 1/50 was first made in 1880, but so far, I have found no other reference that dates it, and it is apparently not mentioned in the JRMS.
magnificationthat do not have higher n.a.'s, will not provide any useful improvement in resolution over lower powered but equal n.a. objectives, and this may be the reason for the lack of discussion in the literature of these objectives such as the very rare 1/50th oil immersion achromatic objective mentioned above.